Pharmacodynamics (PD) refers to the body's biological response to drugs, described in terms of biochemical or molecular interactions. As a leading specialist in preclinical PD services, Alfa Cytology is committed to providing our clients with cost-effective, repeatable, high-quality data.
Introduction to Pharmacodynamic
PD emphasizes dose-response relationships, describing the relationship between drug concentration and effect. According to the classification and pharmacological properties of drugs, appropriate in vivo and in vitro models were used to reflect the main pharmacodynamics of drugs. The PD test included in the evaluation of drug efficacy should begin at a very early stage to support drug discovery and development.
Fig. 1 Current challenges and future directions for therapeutic antibodies pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) models. (Tang, Y.; & Cao, Y., 2021)
Drug efficacy refers to the ability of a drug to provide beneficial effects within the body. Drug efficacy evaluation is the key factor in determining whether a drug can be marketed on the premise of ensuring safety. PD studies can be performed at the cellular level or in animal models. Preclinical PD studies should be closely combined with pharmacokinetic (PK) studies to provide evidence for drug efficacy.
Our Services
Alfa Cytology provides robust risk-based preclinical data validation services for drug discovery to address the data reproducibility crisis. We provide pharmacodynamic studies to quantify the strength of effect characteristics produced by a specific drug concentration at a hypothesized site of action to determine whether a drug candidate is effective. These can provide a basis for the development of new drugs and provide effective support for clinical research.
In Vitro PD Services
- Cell cycle detection
- Cell migration
- Cell proliferation
- Cell invasion
- Cell apoptosis
- Cytotoxicity
In Vivo PD Services
Technology Platforms
- Flow cytometry
- DNA microarray analysis systems
- Laser scanning cytometry
- Laser capture microdissection systems
- Real-time PCR systems
Featured Services
- Dose range finding
- Hematology
- Maximal tolerability dose
- Biochemistry
- Cytokines
- Coagulation parameters
Why Choose Us?
Customized solution
Highly-experienced expert team
Variety of preclinical models
Quick turnaround time
Worldwide service
Alfa Cytology has expertise in designing and performing PD evaluation studies and can tailor experimental protocols to your project needs. Our preclinical PD evaluation services will help you to reduce the investment risk and boost your drug discovery and development research. We will be your best partner with high quality and fast turnaround service. Please contact us for more information about our services.
Reference
- Tang, Y.; & Cao, Y. Modeling Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Therapeutic Antibodies: Progress, Challenges, and Future Directions. Pharmaceutics 2021, 13, 422. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13030422
