ICI Development Services for Bladder Cancer
Bladder cancer is a prevalent disease, and the treatment options for advanced bladder cancer remain limited. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated promising results in managing bladder cancer. At Alfa Cytology, we specialize in providing comprehensive ICI development services for bladder cancer.
Introduction to ICI
Immune checkpoints are regulatory pathways in the immune system that maintain self-tolerance and modulate the duration and amplitude of immune responses. Key immune checkpoint proteins include CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4), PD-1 (programmed cell death protein 1), and PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand 1). Immune checkpoints play a crucial role in preventing autoimmunity by downregulating immune responses.
PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway
Inhibits T cell activation and promotes tumor immune evasion.
CTLA-4 Pathway
Competes with CD28 for binding to B7 molecules, inhibiting T cell activation.
TIM-3 and LAG-3 Pathways
Emerging checkpoint proteins that contribute to T cell exhaustion.
Fig.1 Model of immune phenotypes in the bladder tumor immune microenvironment. (van Dorp, J., et al., 2023)
Research Hotspots of ICI Development
Bladder cancer often exploits immune checkpoints to evade immune surveillance. ICIs targeting these checkpoints have shown significant clinical efficacy, making them a cornerstone of bladder cancer immunotherapy.
|
Drug Name |
Mechanism of Action |
Development Stage |
Company |
| Nivolumab |
Anti-PD-1 Antibody |
Approved |
Bristol-Myers Squibb |
| Avelumab |
Anti-PD-L1 Antibody |
Approved |
Merck/Pfizer |
| Durvalumab |
Anti-PD-L1 Antibody |
Phase III |
AstraZeneca |
| Tremelimumab |
Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody |
Phase III |
AstraZeneca |
Our Services
Through cutting-edge research and advanced technology, Alfa Cytology delves into the intricate mechanisms underlying immune checkpoint action, enabling us to assist clients in developing groundbreaking ICI therapies while optimizing their efficacy and identifying crucial biomarkers. Our expertise accelerates the progress of novel bladder cancer therapy.
Antibody Development
Our services include producing monoclonal antibodies targeting checkpoint proteins (e.g., PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4), optimizing these antibodies for increased affinity and specificity, and assessing their ability to modulate immune checkpoint activity.
Combination Therapies
We design combination therapies that include ICIs and other therapeutic agents, evaluate the synergistic effects in bladder cancer models, and support the translation of combination therapies from preclinical to clinical development.
Contact Us
At Alfa Cytology, we are dedicated to advancing the fight against bladder cancer through innovative and targeted therapeutic strategies. Our ICI development provide a seamless integration of state-of-the-art research and expert-driven solutions. If you are interested in developing ICI development for bladder cancer, please feel free to contact us.
Reference
- van Dorp, J., & van der Heijden, M. S. The bladder cancer immune micro-environment in the context of response to immune checkpoint inhibition. Frontiers in immunology, 2023, 14, 1235884.
For research use only. Not intended for any clinical use.
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