Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Epithelial ovarian cancer is a malignant tumor commonly found in postmenopausal women, often diagnosed late due to early symptom absence. Treatment involves surgery, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies, with prognosis depending on multiple factors. Alfa Cytology is dedicated to advancing the study of epithelial ovarian cancer by continuously deepening its drug development and therapeutic strategies.
Introduction to Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most common form of ovarian cancer, accounting for over 95% of cases. It originates from epithelial cells on the ovary's surface or lining the fallopian tubes and peritoneum. EOC includes several histological subtypes: serous (most common and aggressive), endometrioid, clear cell, and mucinous carcinomas. Risk factors include age, family history, genetic mutations like BRCA1/BRCA2, and reproductive history.
Fig 1. A diagram illustrating the mechanisms of action of three novel targets in ovarian cancer CD5L, EGFL6, and MSMP. (RUIZ M, et al., 2022)
Subtypes of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most aggressive form of ovarian cancer, characterized by TP53 mutations, widespread metastasis, and poor prognosis.
Low-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
Low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC) is a less aggressive subtype with slow progression, often harboring mutations in KRAS, BRAF, or NRAS.
Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma
Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a rare, aggressive subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer, characterized by cells with clear cytoplasm, often resistant to traditional chemotherapy.
Endometrioid Ovarian Cancer
Endometrioid ovarian cancer is a subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer, often associated with endometriosis and typically has a better prognosis than other ovarian cancers.
Mucinous Ovarian Cancer
Mucinous ovarian cancer is a subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer characterized by mucus-producing tumor cells, often presenting as large cystic masses, and typically diagnosed at an early stage.
Pipeline of Therapeutic Development for Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
| Company |
Targets |
Name |
Molecule Type |
Phase |
| Pfizer |
PARP Inhibitor |
PF-07104091 |
Small Molecule |
|
| Merck |
PD-1 Receptor |
KEYTRUDA |
Antibody |
|
| GlaxoSmithKline |
Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase (PARP) 1/2 Inhibitor |
Niraparib Zejula |
Small Molecule |
|
| Novartis |
PI3K-Alpha Inhibitor |
Piqray® |
Small Molecule |
|
| ImmunoGen |
FRα |
GLORIOSA |
Small Molecule |
|
Our Services
Epithelial ovarian cancer is a highly heterogeneous malignancy, characterized by complex and variable treatment and prognosis. Despite advances in medical technology, it remains a leading cause of gynecologic cancer deaths. Alfa Cytology is dedicated to supporting comprehensive research efforts, thereby fostering a deeper understanding of the disease and driving therapeutic innovation.
Immunotherapy Development for Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: The immune evasion strategies of ovarian cancer cells, which express checkpoint proteins like PD-L1 to inhibit the immune response, can be combated. By blocking these immune checkpoints, immune checkpoint inhibitors empower T cells to recognize and effectively attack ovarian cancer cells.
Targeted Therapies Development for Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
PARP Inhibitors: The specialization in blocking PARP enzymes, which are essential for DNA repair, leads to lethal DNA damage in ovarian cancer cells, particularly those with BRCA mutations or homologous recombination repair defects.
Anti-Angiogenic Drugs: We develop drugs that inhibit tumor angiogenesis, thus restricting the nutrient supply and limiting ovarian cancer growth and spread.
Cell Lines of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Alfa Cytology provides a comprehensive selection of epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines, meticulously designed to support the development of pertinent animal models and advance preclinical research efforts.
Workflow of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Therapeutics Development
Selection of Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines
Begin by selecting well-characterized human ovarian cancer cell lines such as OVCAR-3, SKOV-3, and CAOV-3. These cell lines are thoroughly studied in vitro, making them suitable for experimental research and analysis.
Establishment of Animal Models
To establish animal models, inject collections of in vitro cultured ovarian cancer cell lines into immunodeficient mice. This can be performed through subcutaneous or intraperitoneal injection. Regularly monitor tumor growth, size, and metastasis using imaging techniques like ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to track disease progression.
Preclinical Studies
Conduct preclinical evaluations to assess the efficacy of anti-tumor drugs within the animal model. Monitor key parameters such as tumor volume, survival rates, and the extent of metastasis. Additionally, complement these studies with pharmacokinetic and toxicology assessments to understand the drug's behavior and potential side effects.
Alfa Cytology specializes in providing comprehensive support and services for epithelial ovarian cancer research. We invite you to
contact us if you are interested in potential collaborations aimed at advancing research and developing innovative therapies for this challenging disease.
Reference
- RUIZ M, ZHANG N, SOOD A K, et al. Antibody therapeutics for epithelial ovarian cancer [J]. Expert Opin Biol Ther, 2022, 22(11): 1379-91.
! For research use only.
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