Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

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The majority of bladder cancer cases (75%) are classified as non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), which refers to cancer that is limited to the mucosa and submucosa of the bladder. Alfa Cytology offers comprehensive research services aimed at supporting the development of diagnostics and therapeutics for NMIBC, leveraging our expertise in preclinical research to expedite your breakthroughs.

Overview of Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

The category of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer encompasses papillary tumors located within the mucosa (stage Ta), tumors that invade the lamina propria (stage T1), and flat high-grade lesions known as carcinoma in situ (CIS). NMIBC is characterized by its limited invasion, rendering it less aggressive compared to muscle-invasive bladder cancer. In contrast to muscle-invasive cancer, NMIBC is primarily managed through local endoscopic/intravesical therapy and surveillance.

Definitions of high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer according to the American and European Urologic Associations.

American Urological Association	European Urologic Association
Carcinoma in situ High-grade T1 tumors Recurrent or multifocal or large (> 3 cm) high-grade Ta tumors Any tumor following BCG failure Lymphovascular invasion or non-urothelial histology High-grade tumor involving prostatic urethra	Carcinoma in situ Any high-grade tumor Any T1 tumor Multiple, recurrent, and large low-grade Ta tumors Highest risk: T1 HG with CIS Multiple, large, or recurrent T1 high-grade tumors T1 with CIS in prostatic urethra Some variant histology or lymphovascular invasion

American Urological Association

European Urologic Association

Carcinoma in situ
High-grade T1 tumors
Recurrent or multifocal or large (> 3 cm) high-grade Ta tumors
Any tumor following BCG failure
Lymphovascular invasion or non-urothelial histology
High-grade tumor involving prostatic urethra

Carcinoma in situ
Any high-grade tumor
Any T1 tumor
Multiple, recurrent, and large low-grade Ta tumors

Highest risk:

T1 HG with CIS
Multiple, large, or recurrent T1 high-grade tumors
T1 with CIS in prostatic urethra
Some variant histology or lymphovascular invasion

Therapy Development for NMIBC

The recent advancements in the therapy of NMIBC have introduced several novel therapeutic approaches, with a focus on enhancing efficacy and reducing disease recurrence. Here are some noteworthy new therapies.

Therapy	Therapeutics	Phase	Notes
Immunotherapy	PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors	Clinical Trials/Approved	Examples include Atezolizumab, Pembrolizumab
Immunotherapy	BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin)	Standard Treatment/Resistance Issues	Ongoing research on alternatives due to resistance development
Targeted Therapy	Small Molecule Inhibitors	In Development	Targets include FGFR3, HER2
Cancer Vaccines	Cancer Vaccines	Early Research/Clinical Trials	Exploring immune system activation against cancer cells
New Drug Types	Novel Chemotherapy Drugs	In Development	Includes nanomedicines and new chemotherapeutic agents
New Drug Types	Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADC)	In Development	Combines antibodies and cytotoxins targeting specific NMIBC markers

Our Services

At Alfa Cytology, we offer a comprehensive suite of services tailored to the unique needs of NMIBC research. Our preclinical expertise and state-of-the-art facilities ensure that your projects receive the highest quality support from discovery through to development.

Contact Us

By partnering with Alfa Cytology, you gain access to cutting-edge technologies and expert guidance, driving your NMIBC research forward with confidence. Contact us today to learn more about how we can support your journey from concept to preclinical success.

For research use only. Not intended for any clinical use.

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